Paternity Test

Paternity Test

More than two decades ago, scientists were able to use special genetic methods to obtain specific genetic patterns to determine identity.

This method was soon adopted and became widely used in forensic medicine, criminal police, immigration, identity determination, family relationship determination, and more.

Today, the use of these methods in the courts of different countries, including our country, has found daily use, and few judges can be found who do not believe in the results of this method and do not use it.
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Identification is a test that is often performed to confirm the parent-child relationship. .

The test is also used to confirm the relationship between the biological father and the child, which is also called the Paternity test, and is used as the most accurate diagnostic method for the father-child relationship, with an accuracy of 99.9%.
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Identity testing is performed at the request of applicants in cases where there is a need to prove this relationship for any reason.
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In this experiment, the DNA sample of the hypothetical parent is compared with the child sample.

If the baby is not yet born, it is necessary to take a sample from the fetus and compare the parent sample with the fetal sample. .

The source of the sample from the fetus can be one of the following methods:

1- Fetal DNA fragments in the mother's blood, which is also called cell free DNA.

2- Sample of CVS or amniocentesis.

This comparison is made by several genetic markers.

These markers are repetitive sequences of DNA called STR (Short Tandem Repeat).

 The number of these repetitions, which are located in the intron (non-encoded) areas of the gene, varies from person to person, and this difference can be used as a basis for clearing and diagnosing the DNA of different people. .

Because each person receives half of their genes from the father and the other half from the mother, the repetition of these sequences in the child is similar to that of the parents.

Therefore, this difference in different people can be a precise basis for finding a parent-child relationship

For this purpose, at least 15 to 16 markers are compared

When comparing markers, if the child differs from the hypothetical parent even in one area, the kinship relationship is not confirmed. .

The error rate of this test is very, very low (19-10 x 2.7).

This test has other uses, such as:

- Review of samples collected from crime scenes,

- Search for missing family members

- Identify identical twins

- Proof of displacement of the baby after birth

- Or to identify the remains of corpses in accidents such as floods and earthquakes, fires, air and ground accidents, wars and ...

Other methods are used to determine the identity of the lesser known:

- Another method is to use mitochondria.

In this way, the closeness of the mother or the women of the family can be determined.

Mitochondria are other intracellular organs that contain genetic material, but its genetic material is inherited from mother and inherited from mother to child (whether girl or boy).

So if people have a common mother or a common maternal ancestor, they will have the same symptoms on their mitochondria. .

- Another method is to use ST chromosome STRs.

The Y chromosome is present in men and is only transmitted from father to son.

 Therefore, this method can determine the closeness of male or male men in the family.

For example, the relationship between cousins ​​and the like. .

When applying for a sample, it is necessary to provide valid identification documents.

A marriage certificate, marriage certificate or divorce certificate must also be provided.

 In cases where the sample is not taken in the laboratory or in the case of samples sent, despite observing the above, it is not the responsibility of the sampler to identify with the laboratory.

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